The normal blood lactate level is 0–2 mmol/L, and a value above 3–5 mmol/L is variably
used to define hyperlactatemia. In cardiac surgical patients, hyperlactatemia can arise from …

Opioids play a fundamental role in the management of postoperative pain, but their use is
associated with a number of side effects, including nausea and vomiting, sedation, and …

Surgical repair of the mitral valve is being increasingly performed to treat severe mitral
regurgitation. Transesophageal echocardiography is an essential tool for assessing valvular …

OBJECTIVES: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high
ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity and dead-space ventilation. However, whether the …

WE present two cases of the use of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-
ECMO) during resection of obstructing tracheal papillomata. Conventional anesthesia …

1. Interest in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the enantiomers of
chiral drugs has greatly increased in recent years. This is particularly so for agents used in …

Forty-five adults undergoing thoracotomy were randomized to receive placebo, tenoxicam
20 mg or tenoxicam 40 mg IV during chest wall closure. All patients received intraoperative …

Tramadol is a non-opioid analgesic whose effect is partially due to increased release of
serotonin in the spinal cord. Tramadol use is associated with a high incidence of post …

Objective Intervention for repair of secondary mitral valve disease is frequently associated
with recurrent regurgitation. We sought to determine if there was sufficient evidence to …

Mitral valve (MV) repair is superior to replacement for treating primary mitral disease (1-3). In
appropriately selected patients, repair is also optimal for secondary disease (4). Mitral valve …