The capsaicin (vanilloid) receptor VR1 is a cation channel expressed by primary sensory
neurons of the “pain” pathway. Heterologously expressed VR1 can be activated by vanilloid …

Capsaicin, the main pungent ingredient in" hot" chili peppers, elicits burning pain by
activating specific (vanilloid) receptors on sensory nerve endings. The cloned vanilloid …

Extracellular ATP is implicated in numerous sensory processes ranging from the response to
pain to the regulation of motility in visceral organs. The ATP receptor P2X3 is selectively …

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the
periphery is commonly accepted as the primary mechanism by which these agents produce …

In normal animals, peripheral nerve injury produces a persistent, neuropathic pain state in
which pain is exaggerated and can be produced by nonpainful stimuli. Here, mice that lack …

Subcutaneous injection of formalin into the dorsal surface of the hindpaw evoked a two-
phased flinching (phase 1: 0-9 min; phase 2: 10-60 min) of the injected paw. Intrathecal …

The generation of knock-out and transgenic mice offers a promising approach to the
identification of novel biochemical factors that contribute to persistent pain conditions. To …

Serotonin is a major component of the inflammatory chemical milieu and contributes to the
pain of tissue injury via an action on multiple receptor subtypes. Here we studied mice after …

Neuropathic pain remains a significant clinical problem. Current understanding implicates
the spinal cord dorsal horn N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor apparatus in its …

Experimental models of pain include tests of response thesholds to high intensity stimuli
(acute pain tests) and changes in spontaneous or evoked behavioral responses in animals …