Abstract
Purpose
To compare the efficacy of a continuous posterior lumbar plexus (PSOAS) block to a continuous three-in-one femoral nerve (FEM) block in patients undergoing primary total knee replacement (TKR).
Methods
Sixty patients were randomly allocated to receiveiv patient-controlled morphine analgesia (PCA), PCA plus a continuous FEM block with 30 mL ropivacaine 0.5% and epinephrine 1:200,000 bolus followed by an infusion of ropivacaine 0.2% at 12 mL · hr−1 for 48 hr, or PCA plus a continuous PSOAS block with the same bolus and infusion regimen as the FEM group. Postoperative morphine consumption, verbal analogue scale pain scores at rest and during physiotherapy and evidence of sensory and motor blockades were noted.
Results
Both regional techniques significantly reduced 48 hr morphine consumption (FEM 37.3 ± 34.7 mg,P = 0.0002; PSOAS 36.1 ± 25.8 mg,P < 0.0001) compared to PCA (72.2 ± 26.6 mg). Pain scores at rest, six and 24 hr after TKR were lower in the FEM and PSOAS groups compared to the PCA group (P < 0.0001). Although sensory and motor blockades of the obturator nerve were achieved more often in the PSOAS group than in the FEM group (P < 0.0001), morphine consumption and pain scores did not differ between the two groups.
Conclusion
Both continuous PSOAS block and continous threein-one FEM block provided better analgesia than PCA but no differences were seen between the two regional techniques.
Résumé
Objectif
Comparer l’efficacité d’un bloc continu du plexus lombaire par voie postérieure (PSOAS) à celle d’un bloc trois- en- un du nerf fémoral (FEM) pour l’analgésie postopératoire des patients subissant une arthroplastie totale du genou (ATG).
Méthode
Soixante patients ont été divisés au hasard en trois groupes égaux et ont reçu l’analgésie iv auto- contrôlée (AAC) avec morphine, l’AAC plus un bloc FEM avec 30 mL de ropivacaïne 0,5 % et adrénalinée à 1:200 000 suivi d’une perfusion de ropivacaïne 0,2 %à 12 mL · h−1 pour 48 h, ou l’AAC plus un bloc PSOAS continu. La consommation de morphine, le score de douleur par l’échelle verbale analogique (EVA) au repos et durant la kinésithérapie, et les blocs sensitifs et moteurs ont été notés.
Résultats
Les deux types de bloc, comparés à l’AAC, réduisent la consommation totale (48 h) de morphine (AAC 72,2 ± 26,6 mg; FEM 37,3 ± 34,7 mg, P = 0,0002; PSOAS 36,1 ± 25,8 mg, P < 0,0001) et les scores de douleur au repos, à six et 24 h après l’ATG ont été plus bas dans les groupes FEM et PSOAS comparés au groupe d’AAC (P < 0,0001). Le blocage du nerf obturateur (sensitif et moteur) est plus constant avec le bloc PSOAS qu’avec le bloc FEM (P < 0,0001) mais les deux techniques ont un effet similaire sur la consommation de morphine et les ÉVA.
Conclusion
Comparativement à l’AAC, les deux blocs continus du plexus lombaire offrent une meilleure analgésie postopératoire mais il n’y a pas de différence entre les deux types de bloc quant à la consommation de morphine et aux ÉVA.
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This study was funded by a grant from La Fondation d’Anesthésiologie du Québec.
An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF03018601.
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Kaloul, I., Guay, J., Côté, C. et al. The posterior lumbar plexus (psoas compartment) block and the three-in-one femoral nerve block provide similar postoperative analgesia after total knee replacement. Can J Anesth 51, 45–51 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018546
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03018546