Treatment outcomes stratified by number of total HR
| Variable | Low (0), total HR (n=61) | Intermediate (1 or 2), total HR (n=52) | High (>3), total HR (n=24) | P value | |
| 1 month outcomes | Reduction in average NRS back pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 1.4±2.0 | 1.0±2.3 | −0.4±2.7 | 0.005 |
| Reduction in worst NRS back pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 1.8±2.4 | 1.8±3.0 | 0.8±2.2 | 0.26 | |
| Reduction in average NRS leg pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 1.8±2.1 | 1.6±3.1 | 0.1±2.7 | 0.024 | |
| Reduction in worst NRS leg pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 2.7±2.5 | 2.3±3.1 | 1.1±3.2 | 0.072 | |
| Reduction in ODI score (mean, SD) | 5±14 | 6±13 | −2±16 | 0.081 | |
| Medication reduction (n%)* | 21/55 (38%) | 20/48 (42%) | 3/23 (13%) | 0.12 | |
| Satisfaction score (mean±SD)† | 3.6±1.3 | 3.4±1.5 | 2.2±1.5 | <0.001 | |
| Positive outcome (n%)‡ | 32 (52%) | 22 (42%) | 4 (17%) | 0.011 | |
| 3 month outcomes | Reduction in average NRS back pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 0.9±1.9 | 0.7±2.3 | −1.1±2.8 | 0.049 |
| Reduction in worst NRS back pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 1.0±1.9 | 1.2±2.7 | 0.3±1.4 | 0.45 | |
| Reduction in average NRS leg pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 1.3±2.1 | 1.0±2.8 | −0.1±2.4 | 0.075 | |
| Reduction in worst NRS leg pain score from baseline (mean±SD) | 2.0±2.4 | 1.6±2.6 | 0.7±2.4 | 0.056 | |
| Reduction in ODI Score (mean, SD) | 3±13 | 5±14 | 2±16 | 0.14 | |
| Medication reduction (n%)* | 21/55 (38%) | 18/48 (38%) | 1/14 (7%) | 0.17 | |
| Satisfaction score (mean±SD)† | 3.6±1.3 | 3.2±1.4 | 1.8±1.4 | <0.001 | |
| Positive outcome (n%)‡ | 23 (38%) | 15 (29%) | 2 (13%) | 0.072 | |
*Medication reduction defined as greater than 20% decrease in opioid consumption or cessation of non-opioid analgesic.
†Satisfaction measured on 1–5 Likert scale with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction.
‡Designated as two point or greater decrease in average leg pain score coupled with >3 score on the five-point satisfaction scale.
HR, hypersensitivity reactions; NRS, numerical rating scale; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index.