CYP2C9 |
CYP2C9 inducers | Antiarrhythmics: amiodarone Anticonvulsants: valproic acid Antidepressants: fluoxetine Fluconazole, metronidazole, sulfamethoxazole
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CYP2C9 inhibitors | | |
CYP2C9 substrates | Warfarin Buprenorphine Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): celecoxib, naproxen, Anticonvulsants: phenobarbital, phenytoin Fluvastatin, rosiglitazone, rosuvastatin, sulfonylureas, losartan, valsartan
| Interventions: |
CYP2C19 | | |
CYP2C19 inducers | Anticonvulsants: carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital Rifampin, rifampicin, ketoconazole, St. John’s wort
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CYP2C19 inhibitors | Antidepressants: fluoxetine, fluvoxamine Chloramphenicol, felbamate, isoniazid Protease inhibitors
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CYP2C19 substrates | Antidepressants: amitriptyline, citalopram, bupropion Anticonvulsants: clobazam, diazepam, phenytoin, phenobarbital Antiplatelets: clopidogrel Proton pump Inhibitors: omeprazole, pantoprazole
| Interventions: |
CYP2D6 | | |
CYP2D6 Substrates | Opioids: codeine, morphine, hydrocodone, tramadol Anticonvulsants: valproate Antidepressants: amitriptyline, citalopram, nortriptyline Antipsychotics: clozapine, haloperidol, risperidone Antiarrhythmic: amiodarone, dronedarone, flecainide, propafenone β-blockers: carvedilol, metoprolol
| Interventions:Decrease dose of substrate Monitor for toxicity and side effects Monitor for opioids augmentation Monitor QTc for antidepressants and antiarrhythmics
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CYP3A4 |
CYP3A4 Inducers | Anticonvulsants: carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, topiramate Cimetidine, pioglitazone, rifampin, St. John’s wort
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CYP3A4 Inhibitors | Antiarrhythmic: amiodarone, dronedarone, quinidine, diltiazem, verapamil Anticonvulsants: valproate Antifungals: ketoconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole Macrolides: clarithromycin, erythromycin Protease inhibitors Tyrosine kinase inhibitors
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CYP3A4 Substrates | Opioids: fentanyl, alfentanil, methadone · Benzodiazepines: midazolam Calcium channel blockers: amlodipine, felodipine Calcineurin inhibitor: cyclosporine, tacrolimus PDE5 inhibitors: sildenafil Propafenone Statins Zaleplon, zopiclone, zolpidem
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UGT1A9 (Phase II) |
UGT1A9 Substrates | Analgesics/NSAIDs: acetaminophen, ibuprofen, diflunisal Anesthetics: propofol Anticonvulsants: valproate Antipsychotics: haloperidol DOACs: dabigatran Canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, irinotecan, mycophenolate mofetil, regorafenib, sorafenib
| Interventions: |
UGT2B7 (Phase II) |
UGT2B7 substrates | Opioids: hydromorphone, morphine, buprenorphine NSAIDs: ibuprofen, naproxen. Benzodiazepines: lorazepam Anticonvulsants: carbamazepine, valproate, lamotrigine Statins: lovastatin, simvastatin Ezetimibe, losartan
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p-glycoprotein (transport protein) |
P-glycoprotein substrates | | Intervention: |