Table 3

Reported potential risks: real-time expert versus remote expert assessor (max n=103)

Real-time expertRemote expert
Nerve injury/PONS (/67)5 (7.5%)0 (0%)
LAST (/71)3 (4.2%)0 (0%)
Pneumothorax (/16)0 (0%)0 (0%)
Peritoneum violation (/8)0 (0%)0 (0%)
Block failure (/92)4 (4.3%)8 (8.7%)*
Total (/254)12 (4.7%)8 (3.1%)*
  • N.B. Despite 103 block feedback sheets return, not all feedback elements were completed by participants for all blocks (hence, n<103 for block failure).

  • *8/92 of all block views considered (7/8 of these views considered ‘inadequate’ by expert panel).

  • LAST, local anesthetic systemic toxicity; PONS, postoperative neurological symptoms.