Opioid consumption-related outcomes and opioid-related side effects presented as mean±SD, absolute number (proportions) as appropriate, and risk difference (95% CI) between the groups
| Placebo group | PENG group | Mean difference (95% CI) | P value | |
| Intraoperative MED consumption (mg) | 83.0±29.5 | 69.1±25.7 | −13.8 (0.6 to 27.1) | 0.04 |
| MED consumption during PACU discharge | 3.3±8.8 | 1.3±3.5 | −2.0 (−1.2 to 5.3) | 0.21 |
| MED consumption 48 hours after PACU discharge (mg) | 14.5±25.0 | 18.0±29.2 | 3.5 (−16.4 to 9.4) | 0.59 |
| Postoperative nausea and vomiting | ||||
| Nausea | 5 (13.9%) | 6 (17.6%) | 3.8% (−15.6% to 23.3%) | 0.67 |
| Vomiting | 12 (33.3%) | 4 (11.8%) | −21.6% (−0.3% to 41.0%) | 0.03 |
The mean difference is presented as mean (PENG group) − mean (placebo group) and 95% CI.
Intravenous MED (mg) equation: (sufentanil [mcg]) + 11 (remifentanil [mcg] × 0.1) + (tramadol [mg] × 0.1) + (butorphanol [mg] × 5) + 12 (meperidine [mg] × 0.1).
MED, morphine equivalent doses; PACU, postanesthesia care unit; PENG, pericapsular nerve group.