Self-reported pain control, satisfaction and opioid related side effects at hospital discharge
| Joint and spine surgery | Abdominal surgery | |||||||
| Decreasing (n=328) | High (n=9) | Persistent (n=68) | P value | Decreasing (n=148) | Persistent (n=8) | P value | ||
| Responses to the question of “During your hospital stay how often was your pain well controlled?” n (%) | Always | 189 (58) | 3 (34) | 35 (51) | 0.45 | 81 (55) | 2 (25) | 0.01 |
| Usually | 90 (27) | 3 (33) | 23 (34) | 51 (34) | 2 (25) | |||
| Sometimes | 44 (13) | 3 (33) | 10 (15) | 15 (10) | 4 (50) | |||
| Never | 5 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | |||
| Responses to the question of “During your hospital stay, how often did the hospital staff do everything they could to help you with your pain? n (%) | Always | 291 (89) | 8 (89) | 60 (88) | 0.95 | 138 (93) | 7 (87) | 0.67 |
| Usually | 32 (10) | 1 (11) | 6 (9) | 8 (5) | 1 (13) | |||
| Sometimes | 4 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | |||
| Never | 1 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
| Responses to the question of how satisfied are you with your pain medications during hospitalization? n (%) | Very satisfied | 176 (54) | 5 (56) | 21 (34) | 0.02 | 85 (57) | 2 (25) | <0.01 |
| Satisfied | 106 (33) | 2 (22) | 29 (46) | 48 (32) | 4 (50) | |||
| Slightly satisfied | 26 (8) | 0 (0) | 7 (11) | 11 (7) | 0 (0) | |||
| Slightly dissatisfied | 10 (3) | 2 (22) | 4 (6) | 4 (3) | 1 (12) | |||
| Dissatisfied | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) | 0 (0) | 1 (12) | |||
| Very dissatisfied | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
| Opioid related side effects during hospitalization n (%) | ||||||||
| Dizziness | 111 (35) | 1 (11) | 19 (28) | 0.189 | 60 (41) | 2 (25) | 0.479 | |
| Nausea | 84 (26) | 1 (11) | 12 (18) | 0.247 | 62 (42) | 3 (38) | 0.806 | |
| Vomiting | 44 (13) | 0 (0) | 5 (8) | 0.201 | 36 (24) | 2 (25) | 0.965 | |
| Constipation | 104 (32) | 3 (33) | 16 (24) | 0.403 | 17 (12) | 2 (25) | 0.255 | |
| Difficulty urinating | 46 (14) | 1 (11) | 4 (6) | 0.182 | 52 (35) | 2 (25) | 0.715 | |
| Abdominal discomfort | 28 (9) | 2 (22) | 4 (6) | 0.246 | 69 (47) | 3 (38) | 0.728 | |
| Drowsiness | 208 (63) | 9 (100) | 43 (63) | 0.077 | 112 (72) | 7 (88) | 0.681 | |
| Sleeplessness | 141 (43) | 3 (33) | 21 (31) | 0.163 | 43 (29) | 3 (38) | 0.694 | |
| Pruritus | 73 (22) | 2 (22) | 23 (34) | 0.127 | 30 (20) | 1 (12) | 0.592 | |
| Mood changes | 30 (9) | 1 (11) | 7 (10) | 0.942 | 7 (5) | 0 (0) | 0.592 | |
Data presented as n (% of column). Ordinal and nominal data were analyzed by constructing cross-tabulation tables and using a χ² test.