Local anesthetic techniques for iPACK and analgesic regiments of included studies
| Author (year) | Preincisional analgesia | Surgical analgesia | Supplemental postoperative analgesia | iPACK characteristics | |
| Block timing | LA bolus | ||||
| iPACK +ACB vs ACB in the presence of LIA | |||||
| Okunlola (2020)41* | PO acetaminophen 975 mg once; PO celecoxib 400 mg once; PO oxycodone 10 mg once | Intravenous ketamine 0.5 mg/kg; Spinal anesthesia | PO acetaminophen 975 q6 hours; PO celecoxib 200 mg q12 hours; PO pregabalin 50 mg q12 hours; PO oxycodone 2.5–10 mg q3 hours prn; intravenous hydromorphone 0.4 mg q3 hours prn; LIA mixture (ropivicaine 300 mg, morphine 10 mg, ketorolac 30 mg, epinephrine 600 mcg) | Post-Op | 20 mL 0.25% ropivacaine |
| Li et al (2020)9 | N/S | N/S | PO loxoprofen 60 mg q12 hours; intramuscular morphine 10 mg prn | Pre-Op | 20 mL 0.2% ropivacaine + Epi |
| Vichainarong et al (2020)12 * | PO acetaminophen 650 mg once; PO celecoxib 400 mg once | Spinal anesthesia | Intravenous ketorolac 15 mg for two doses then PO celecoxib 400 mg daily; PO acetaminophen 650 mg q6 hours; PO pregabalin 75 mg daily; PO tramadol q8 hours; intravenous morphine 2 mg prn; LIA mixture (levobupivicaine 100 mg, ketorolac 30 mg, epinephrine. 3 mg diluted in 80 mL isotonic saline solution) | Pre-Op | 20 mL 0.25% levobupivacaine + Epi |
| Singtana (2020)40 * | N/S | Spinal anesthesia | PO nimesulide 100 mg q12 hours; PO norgesic 450–35 mg daily; PO tramadol 50 mg daily; PO paracetamol 500 mg prn; intravenous morphine 3–4 mg prn | Pre-Op | 15 mL 0.25% bupivacaine + Epi + Dex |
| iPACK +ACB vs ACB in the absence of LIA | |||||
| Ochroch et al (2019)8 | PO acetaminophen 1000 mg once; PO gabapentin 300 mg once; PO celecoxib 200 mg once | Spinal anesthesia (per discretion); intravenous ketamine 0.3–0.5 mg/kg; intravenous ketorolac 15 mg | PO acetaminophen 1000 mg three times a day for 3 days; PO 200 mg celecoxib two times per day for 3 days; PO gabapentin 300 mg two times per day for 7 days; PO oxycodone 5–10 mg q4 hours prn | Pre-Op | 20 mL 0.5% ropivacaine |
| Chia et al (2020)18 | N/S | N/S | N/S | N/S | N/S |
| Ling et al (2020)14 | N/S | Intravenous sufentanil 0.2–0.4 mcg/kg once; intravenous sufentanil 0.10–0.15 mcg/kg prn; intravenous remifentanil 10–15 mcg/kg/hour | Intravenous parecoxib 20–40 mg prn; PCA sufentanil | Pre-Op | 15 mL 0.2% ropivacaine |
| Patterson et al (2020)10 | PO pregabalin 150 mg once | Intravenous ketamine 0.25 mg/kg; spinal anesthesia (per discretion) | Intravenous acetaminophen 1 g once; PO acetaminophen 1 g q6 hours; PO celecoxib 400 mg once; PO celecoxib 200 mg daily; PO pregabalin 75 mg or 150 mg daily; PO oxycodone prn; intravenous morphine prn; intravenous hydromorphone prn | Pre-Op | 20 mL 0.25% ropivacaine + Epi |
| Tak et al (2020)11 | PO celecoxib 200 mg once; PO gabapentin 300 mg once | Spinal anesthesia | Intravenous paracetamol 1 g q8 hours for 3 days; PO paracetamol 1 g q8 hours for 4 weeks; PO gabapentin 300 mg once daily for 4 weeks; PO oxycodone prn; intravenous morphine prn | Pre-Op | 20 mL 0.2% ropivacaine |
| Vijay (2020)19 | N/S | Spinal anesthesia | Intramuscular diclofenac sodium 75 mg two times per day; intravenous paracetamol 1 g q6 hours | Intra-Op | 10 mL 0.25% bupivacaine |
| Wang et al (2020)16 | PO celecoxib 200 mg q12 hours | N/S | PO celecoxib 200 mg q12 hours; PO oxycodone 10 mg q12 hours; intravenous morphine 10 mg prn | Pre-Op | 20 mL 0.2% ropivacaine + Epi |
| Zadoroznijs 202015 | PO etoricoxib 90 mg once | Spinal anesthesia | Intravenous acetaminophen 1 g q8 hours for 1 day; PO acetaminophen 500 mg q6 hours for 5 days; SQ morphine 5 mg–10 mg prn | Pre-Op | 20 mL 0.375% ropivacaine |
| Zhou and Cheng (2020)17 | N/S | Intravenous remifentanil infusion | PCA sufentanil | Pre-Op | 30 mL 0.25% ropivacaine |
| Amin and Abotaleb (2021)20 | N/S | Spinal anesthesia | Intravenous morphine 3 mg prn | Pre-Op | 15 mL 0.5% bupivacaine |
**Data provided from author on clinical trials registry.
cACB, continuous adductor canal block; Dex, dexamethasone; Epi, epinephrine; iPACK, infiltration between popliteal artery and capsule of knee; LA, local anesthesia; LIA, local infiltration analgesia; N/S, not specified; PCA, patient-controlled analgesia; PO, oral; prn, as needed; q, every; sACB, single shot adductor canal block; USG, ultrasound guidance.