ORs from ordinal logistic regression showing bivariate (crude) relationships between procedural pain and clinical variables
| Independent variable | Crude OR (95% CI), p value |
| Time to QCH | 0.9 (0.8 to 0.9), <0.001 |
| Burn size (TBSA %) | 1.0 (1.0 to 1.2), <0.01 |
| Baseline pain | |
| Pain in waiting room | 4.9 (2.4 to 9.8), <0.001 |
| No pain | 1.0 (reference) |
| Burn depth | |
| Full thickness | 5.6 (2.0 to 16.4), <0.01 |
| DDPT | 7.8 (3.9 to 15.6), <0.001 |
| SPT | 3.1 (1.6 to 5.9), <0.01 |
| Superficial | 1.0 (reference) |
| No of regions burned | |
| 4+ | 6.9 (1.1 to 44.5), 0.04 |
| 3 | 2.7 (1.0 to 7.6), <0.06 |
| 2 | 1.7 (1.0 to 3.0), >0.05 |
| 1 | 1.0 (reference) |
| Presentation type | |
| Inpatient | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.7), 0.55 |
| Outpatient | 1.7 (1.3 to 2.3), <0.001 |
| ED | 1.0 (reference) |
| Anatomical region burned | |
| Hand | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.5), 0.17 |
| Foot | 1.4 (0.8 to 2.5), 0.25 |
| Upper limb burns | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.5), 0.57 |
| Lower limb burns | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.5), 0.59 |
| Head/neck | 0.7 (0.4 to 1.3), 0.21 |
| Back | 0.6 (0.3 to 1.4), 0.22 |
| Chest/breast | 1.0 (0.5 to 1.7), 0.88 |
| Abdomen | 0.9 (0.5 to 1.6), 0.61 |
| Sex | |
| Male | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.1), 0.40 |
| Female | 1.0 (reference) |
| Indigenous status | |
| ATSI | 0.8 (0.5 to 1.2), 0.23 |
| Not indigenous | 1.0 (reference) |
| Place of birth | |
| Oceania | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.3), 0.16 |
| Middle East | 2.1 (0.5 to 9.0), 0.30 |
| Europe | 1.0 (0.3 to 3.0), 0.99 |
| North America | 1.5 (0.1 to 16.5), 0.75 |
| Africa | 0.3 (0.0 to 2.3), 0.23 |
| Asia | 1.3 (0.6 to 3.0), 0.51 |
| Australia | 1.0 (reference) |
| Burn mechanism | |
| Radiant heat | 0.6 (0.2 to 1.9), 0.43 |
| Cooling | 1.3 (0.1 to 13.3), 0.81 |
| Chemical | 0.7 (0.3 to 2.0), 0.52 |
| Friction | 0.6 (0.4 to 1.2), 0.16 |
| Flame | 1.0 (0.6 to 1.8), 0.98 |
| Contact | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1), 0.22 |
| Scald | 1.0 (reference) |
| First aid | |
| Undocumented duration | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.4), 0.53 |
| Inadequate | 0.8 (0.4 to 1.6), 0.48 |
| Adequate | 1.0 (reference) |
a: 1.0 (reference) indicates the references group for the ordinal logistic regression.
b: p values not adjusted for multiple comparisons.
QCH, Queensland Children’s Hospital; DDPT, deep dermal partial-thickness; SPT, superficial partial-thickness; TBSA, total body surface area; OPD, outpatient department.
ED, emergency department.