Table 2

Pain scores across postoperative time points

FLACC	CG	QLB	P value	Effect size	Difference in FLACC (QLB-CG)*
FLACC	CG	QLB	P value	Effect size	Median	95% CI
30 min	1 (1–1)	1 (1–1)	0.75	0.229	0	0 to 0
1 hour	1 (0–1)	0 (0–1)	0.49	0.096	0	0 to 0
2 hours	0 (0–1)	0 (0–0)	0.068	0.208	0	0 to 0
4 hours	0 (0–1)	0 (0–0)	0.001†	0.410	0	0 to 1
6 hours	1 (0–2)	0 (0–0)	<0.001†	0.680	1	1 to 2
12 hours	1 (0–1)	0 (0–0)	0.001†	0.475	1	0 to 4
24 hours	0 (0–1)	0 (0–0)	0.068	0.208	0	0 to 1

*Hodges-Lehman estimator used to calculate 95% CI of the median differences.
†P<0.05 significantly different between groups. Values are reported as median (IQR), effect size values were calculated with Cliff delta.
CG, caudal block group;FLACC, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability scale; QLB, quadratus lumborum block group.