RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 EP220 Pathways of dye spread after ultrasound guided injections in the paraspinal spaces- A Cadaveric study
JF Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine
JO Reg Anesth Pain Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP A159
OP A160
DO 10.1136/rapm-2023-ESRA.280
VO 48
IS Suppl 1
A1 Diwan, Sandeep
A1 Gupta, Anju
A1 Shivamallappa, Shivprakash
A1 Timane, Rasika
A1 Pai, Pallavi
YR 2023
UL http://rapm.bmj.com/content/48/Suppl_1/A159.2.abstract
AB Background and Aims The exact mechanism of action of erector spinae plane (ESP) block remains an enigma. We injected dye in ESP and other paraspinal spaces to compare the dye diffusion pattern along the paraspinal region in human cadavers.Methods In 6 soft-embalmed cadavers(12 specimens), 20mL methylene blue dye (ESP and paravertebral space) or indocyanine green dye (inter-ligament space) was injected bilaterally using an in-plane ultrasound-guided technique at the level of the costotransverse junction of T4 vertebrae. Dye spread was evaluated bilaterally in the coronal plane in the paravertebral and intercostal spaces from the 1st and the 12th rib. Axial and sagittal sections were performed at the level of the 4th thoracic vertebrae. After cross-sections, the extent of dye spread was investigated in the ESP, inter- ligament and paravertebral spaces. The staining of the ventral and dorsal rami and spread into the intercostal spaces were also evaluated.Results The ESP injection was mainly restricted dorsal to the costotransverse foramen and did not spread anteriorly to the paravertebral space. The paravertebral injection involved the origin of the spinal nerve and spread laterally to the intercostal space. The inter-ligament space injection showed an extensive anterior and posterior dye spread involving the ventral and dorsal rami. (figure1)Abstract EP220 Figure 1 Dye spread in interligamentous spaceConclusions Following injections in erector spinae plane, there was no spread of the dye anteriorly to the paravertebral space and it only involved the dorsal rami. Inter-ligamentous space injection appears to be the most promising block in future as the dye spread both anteriorly to paravertebral space and posteriorly toward the erector spinae plane.