RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Use of epidurography in the perioperative and acute pain setting
JF Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine
JO Reg Anesth Pain Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP 445
OP 448
DO 10.1136/rapm-2021-103274
VO 47
IS 7
A1 John Robert Coleman
A1 Patrick Hartmann
A1 Matthew Kona
A1 Robert A Thiele
A1 Reza Salajegheh
A1 Neil A Hanson
YR 2022
UL http://rapm.bmj.com/content/47/7/445.abstract
AB Ensuring proper placement of epidural catheters is critical to improving their reliability for pain control and maintaining confidence in their continued use. This article will seek to address the role of objective confirmation of successful epidural placement via either single view or continuous epidural contrast studies, each creating an ‘epidurogram.’ Furthermore, the pertinent anatomical corollaries of continuous fluoroscopy used frequently in chronic pain medicine, from which these techniques emerged, will be addressed. Technical radiographic information needed to better understand and troubleshoot these studies is also included. Image examples which highlight the patterns key for successful interpretation of epidurograms will be provided. The aim of this paper was to provide an anesthesiologist unfamiliar with fluoroscopic evaluation of epidural catheters with the tools necessary to successfully conduct and interpret such an examination.Data sharing not applicable as no datasets were generated and/or analyzed for this study. This article serves as an educational article and does not include the implementation or analysis of novel datasets. As such, no datasets were generated or analyzed for this publication.