PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Adriani, John TI - Historical Considerations AID - 10.1136/rapm-00115550-198001000-00001 DP - 1980 Jan 01 TA - Regional Anesthesia: The Journal of Neural Blockade in Obstetrics, Surgery, & Pain Control PG - 2--3 VI - 5 IP - 1 4099 - http://rapm.bmj.com/content/5/1/2.short 4100 - http://rapm.bmj.com/content/5/1/2.full SO - Reg Anesth Pain Med1980 Jan 01; 5 AB - Regional anesthesia of the upper extremities was developed largely by surgeons in the early 1900s after the discovery of cocaine. Although anatomy has not changed and the fundamentals remain the same, the introduction of safer and better local anesthetics and safeguards to avoid complications is resulting in more extensive use of regional anesthesia than there has been in the past several decades.