RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Cardiovascular and Central Nervous System Effects of Co-administered Lidocaine and Bupivacaine in Piglets
JF Regional Anesthesia: The Journal of Neural Blockade in Obstetrics, Surgery, & Pain Control
JO Reg Anesth Pain Med
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP 89
OP 94
DO 10.1136/rapm-00115550-199116020-00005
VO 16
IS 2
A1 Juha Kyttä
A1 J. Michael Badgwell
A1 James E. Heavner
A1 Per H. Rosenberg
YR 1991
UL http://rapm.bmj.com/content/16/2/89.abstract
AB The toxic profile of bupivacaine (1 mg/kg/minute) when administered intravenously alone or with lidocaine (1 mg/kg loading dose, then 1 mg/kg/minute) was examined in 12 2-day-old pigs anesthetized with 70% N2O/30% O2 and paralyzed with 0.15 mg/kg pancuronium. Bupivacaine doses producing arrhythmias, seizures, isoelectric EEG and asystole were about 24% lower in the lidocaine plus bupivacaine group (n = 6) than in the bupivacaine group ( n = 6). However, the incidence of cardiac arrhythmias in the combination local anesthetic group (3/6) was half that in the bupivacaine group (6/6). Administration of lidocaine with bupivacaine under conditions of this study apparently reduces the risk of cardiac arrhythmias and acts along with bupivacaine to produce seizures, cerebral depression (isoelectric EEG) and asystole.