Footnotes

• Twitter @alexbstone, @jashvant_p, @jbLiujb, @sgmemtsoudis

• Contributors Study design/planning: all authors. Data analysis: ABS, HZ, SGM. Interpretation of results: all authors. Preparation of paper: ABS, HZ, SGM. Review of paper: all authors. Revision of manuscript: ABS.

• Funding The authors have not declared a specific grant for this research from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

• Competing interests SGM has a US patent application for a Multicatheter Infusion System (US-2017-0361063) and is the owner of SGM Consulting. He is a partner in Parvizi Surgical Innovations. None of the afore-mentioned relations influenced the conduct of the present study. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.

• Supplemental material This content has been supplied by the author(s). It has not been vetted by BMJ Publishing Group Limited (BMJ) and may not have been peer-reviewed. Any opinions or recommendations discussed are solely those of the author(s) and are not endorsed by BMJ. BMJ disclaims all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the content. Where the content includes any translated material, BMJ does not warrant the accuracy and reliability of the translations (including but not limited to local regulations, clinical guidelines, terminology, drug names and drug dosages), and is not responsible for any error and/or omissions arising from translation and adaptation or otherwise.