Footnotes

• Twitter @TPP_MD

• Contributors All others contributed meaningfully in the conduct of this study and in the creation and editing of the manuscript, specifically, study conception: JDT; study design: JDT, JJ, DSH, and RW; participant recruitment: JDT, KTC, DSH, SWD, RW, CJE, JWR, STK, ZLM, GR, and JJ; data collection: KTC and MB; data analysis: JDT, JJ, and GR; writing up the first draft and the final paper: JDT and KTC. Revising drafts and final approval: JDT, KTC, DSH, SWD, RW, CJE, JWR, STK, ZLM, GR, and JJ.

• Funding Intramural funding provided by the Department of Anesthesiology at Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center.

• Competing interests None declared.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.