Footnotes

• Twitter @StephLam_med, @patrickmdnet

• Contributors SL: This author wrote the manuscript, developed the statistical plan, performed statistical analyses, analyzed data, created the figures and tables, completed revisions, and reviewed the final manuscript. RV: This author helped to write the manuscript, developed the study concept, critically revised the manuscript, and reviewed the final manuscript. VM: This author helped with data acquisition, critically revised the manuscript, and reviewed the final manuscript. PMC: This author acquired data, helped to write the manuscript, revised the manuscript, and reviewed the final manuscript.

• Funding The research was supported by the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health under Award Numbers R25CA020449 and P30CA008748. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

• Competing interests Dr McCormick’s spouse holds stock in Johnson & Johnson.

• Provenance and peer review Not commissioned; externally peer reviewed.